Te Tākai Āhuarangi Kua Whakarerekētia (MAP): Ngā Ranunga Hau mō te Tiaki Kai

Tākai Āhuarangi Kua WhakarerekētiaKo te (MAP) he tikanga tiaki e whakakapia ai te hau māori i roto i te kete ki tētahi ranunga hau e whakahaeretia ana – ko te nuinga he hāora, he hauhā waro, me te hauota – kia roa ake ai te hou o te kai. Mā te whakaroa i ngā tukanga matū me ngā tukanga koiora e arahi ana ki te pirau, ka taea e te MAP te whakaroa ake i te roa o te oranga o te kai. I roto i te nuinga o ngā wā, ka whakanui ake i te hou o te kai mā te rua ki te rima ngā wā ki te whakataurite ki te takai hau paerewa. Ehara i te mea ka whakaiti noa i te para kai mā tēnei roanga o te mau, engari ka tautoko hoki i te tohatoha tawhiti, ā, he maha ngā wā ka taea e ngā kaitukatuka te whakaiti i te whakamahinga o ngā mea tiaki.

Ngā Mahi a ia Hau i roto i te MAP

He mahi motuhake tā ia hau i roto i te ranunga MAP:

• Hāora (O₂)
Ka tautoko te hāora i te tae me te hou o ngā momo kai. Hei tauira, ka mau tonu te tae oxymyoglobin whero kanapa o te mīti whero ina pāngia e ngā taumata hāora teitei, tata ki te 70–80%. Mō ngā hua me ngā huawhenua, ka whakamahia he iti noa te hāora (tata ki te 2–5%) hei tautoko i te manawa maori. Heoi, ka tere ake te waikura o te ngako i te nui o te hāora, ā, ka poto ake te roa o te oranga, nō reira me āta whakahaere tōna aroaro.

• Te Hauhā Waro (CO₂)
Ko te mahi matua a te hauhā waro he hau patu huakita. Ina rewa te CO₂ ki te makuku o te mata o te hua, ka puta he waikawa waro ngoikore e āwhina ana ki te aukati i te tipu o ngā huakita pirau me te harore. Ko ngā ranunga MAP e whakawhirinaki ana ki te 20–30% CO₂. Ka taea e ngā kukū teitei ake te whakaroa ake i te oranga o te kai, engari nā te mea ka mimitia te CO₂ ki roto i te kai, ka pakaru pea te kete mena kāore i taurite ki te hauota.

• Hauota (N₂)
He koretake te hauota, ā, kāore e tauhohe ki te kai. Ko tōna kaupapa matua he tango i te hāora me te pupuri i te hanganga o te takai, inā koa ka mimitia te CO₂ ki roto i te hua. Koia te nuinga o te wā e hanga ana i te ōrau e toe ana o te ranunga hau (he maha ngā wā 50–80%) ina whakaritea ngā taumata O₂ me te CO₂.

Hei whakarāpopototanga:

•O₂e pupuri ana i te tae me te manawa,
•CO₂ka aukati i te tipu o ngā moroiti,
•N₂e whakarato ana i te rōrahi me te pumau.

He rerekē te taurite o ēnei hau e hiahiatia ana mō ngā kai rerekē, e ai ki te whakaahuatanga i raro nei.

Mīti Mata me te Manu

Mīti Whero Mata

Ko ngā mīti whero hou, pērā i te mīti kau, te reme, me te poaka – he maha ngā wā ka whakawhirinaki ki te MAP hāora-nui. Ko ngā kete hokohoko me ngā kete rarawe he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia he ranunga o65% O₂me te 35% CO₂. Mā te kaha o te hāora ka noho whero kanapa te mīti, ko te CO₂ ka āwhina i te whakaroa i te tipu o ngā huakita aerobic. I ētahi wā, ka whakaitihia pea e ngā tukatuka te hāora mā te 5% kia roa ake ai te wā e mau ai. Ko te toenga o te wāhi i runga i te mīti he hauota, he mea waiho rānei hei āhua korehau.

Manu Mata

Ko ngā manu heihei me ngā manu kai (heihei, tāki, manu pīata) kāore e hiahiatia he hāora i roto i te kete. Ko te ranunga paerewa he0% O₂, tata ki te 30% CO₂, me te 70% N₂Nā te mea he mā te āhua o te mīti heihei, kāore te hāora e whai wāhi ki te āhua. Mā te CO₂ ka whakahaere i ngā moroiti, ko te hauota ia ka mau tonu te āhua o te kete. Ka whakamahia e ētahi tukatuka papatipu100% CO₂mō te tiakitanga tino pai.

Ngā mea matua hei ako:

•Ka whai hua ngā mīti whero i ngā ranunga hāora nui hei pupuri i te tae.
•He pai ake te tiaki i te heihei mā te whakamahi i tētahiCO₂/N₂ranunga kāore he hāora.

Hei whakaū whakamutunga, e taunakihia ana kia whakamātauria tonutia.

Ika Hou me te Kai Moana

Ko te hanganga MAP tino pai e whakawhirinaki ana ki te hiroki, ki te nui rānei o te ngako o te ika.

Ika Mata me te Mataitai Ngako-iti

He maha ngā momo ika mā (te kōura, te hātake, te pāpaka) me te nuinga o ngā mātaitai (te kōura, te kūtai, te tio) e whakamahi ana30% O₂, 40% CO₂, me te 30% N₂. Ka āwhina te hāora ki te pupuri i te tae tūturu, ka whakaroa te CO₂ i te mahi a ngā moroiti, ā, ka whakakīia e te N₂ te toenga o te wāhi. Mō ngā tuku nui, ngā tuku tio rānei, ka huri pea ngā tukatuka ki70% CO₂/ 30% N₂mō te rokiroki roa.

Ika Mata Ngako-Nui

Kua tākaihia ngā ika momona pērā i te hāmana, te tuna, te makarera, me te sardinekāore he hāoranā te mea he tere rawa te waikura o ā rātou hinu. Ko te ranunga MAP noa ko40% CO₂me te 60% N₂. Ka whakanuia e ētahi kaihanga te CO₂ ki te 50–70% hei tiakitanga tāpiri. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e te hāmana hokohoko40/60 CO₂/N₂, engari ka whakamahia pea e te tuna te 30–40% CO₂ me te hauota hei whakakapi. I ētahi wā ka whakamahia ngā putea papatipu70% CO₂/ 30% N₂.

Whakarāpopototanga:

•He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā kaimoana kikokore~30% O₂,
•He tino whakawhirinaki ngā ika hinuhinu kiCO₂/N₂ngā ranunga me0% hāora.

Ahakoa te ranunga, ka pai tonu te mahi tahi a MAP me te whakahaere tika o te mekameka makariri.

Mīti, Ika, me te Manu i Tunua, i Whakaorahia hoki

Kia oti te tunu, te whakamaroke rānei i te mīti, i te ika rānei, ka pumau te tae, ā, ka huri te whāinga ki te ārai i te pirau o te harore me te moroiti.

Mīti kua Tunua, kua Whakaoratia rānei

Ko ngā mea pēnei i te hāmi, te hōtiti, me te salami te tikanga e whakamahia ana30% CO₂/ 70% N₂Mō ngā tono nui, kaweake rānei, ka whakapiki ake pea ngā tukatuka i te CO₂ ki50% CO₂/ 50% N₂Ka noho te hāora ki te kore.

Ika Auahi, Ika Whakaora rānei

He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia te hāmana auahi me ngā hua rite30% CO₂/ 70% N₂i roto i ngā paepae hokohoko. Mō te rokiroki roa, he70/30 CO₂/N₂ka taea te tāpiri i te ranunga.

Heihei kua tunua/kua rongoatia

Ko ngā hua heihei, heihei rānei kua tukatukahia, e whai ana i te huarahi kotahi:

•Hokohoko:30% CO₂/ 70% N₂
•Te nuinga:70% CO₂/ 30% N₂

I roto i tēnei kāwai, he rite tonu te hāora ki0%.

Ngā Kai Kua Rite me ngā Kai Whakakotahi

Ko ngā kai kua oti te whakarite pērā i te rimurapa, te hupa, te piza rānei, ka hiritia ki teMAP kore-hāoraKo te ranunga tino noa ko30% CO₂/ 70% N₂Mō te kaweake, te rokiroki roa rānei, ka taea e ngā tukatuka te whiriwhiri50% CO₂/ 50% N₂.

Ka whakaroahia e ēnei ranunga te tipu o ngā moroiti puta noa i te ranunga o ngā kai. Nā te rerekētanga o ngā kai kua oti te taka, ka whakamahia ngā ōwehenga tīmatanga hei tohutoro, ā, me whakamana mā te whakamātautau.

Ngā Hua Pāta me ngā Hua Tunu

Pāta Hou

Ko te rimurapa hou, kāore i tunua (pēnei i te ravioli, te noodles, te tortellini rānei) ka takaihia i raro i te...50% CO₂/ 50% N₂ranunga. Kāore e whakamahia te hāora.

Ngā Hua Tunu Parāoa

He maha ngā wā ka whakawhirinaki te taro, ngā parāoa, ngā tōtīra, me ngā keke ki50% CO₂/ 50% N₂i roto i te hokohoko. Mō te tohatoha papatipu, ka piki pea te CO₂ ki70%(70% CO₂ / 30% N₂). Ka ārai te hauota i te hinga o te takai, ko te CO₂ ia ka ārai i te tipu o te harore. Ka noho tata te hāora ki te kore hei ārai i te pirau, te pirau rānei.

Tīhi (Mārō, Ngāwari, Kuoro)

Ngā Tīhi Mārō, Ngā Tīhi Kua Pakeketia rānei

He maha ngā wā ka takaihia ngā hua pēnei i te Parmesan, te Cheddar tawhito rānei ki roto i te kete.100% CO₂he mea hiri rānei ki te korehau. He tino whai hua tēnei huarahi ki te pehi i te harore.

Ngā Tīhi Ngāwari, me ngā Tīhi Tapatapahi

He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia te tīhi kirīmi, te tīhi Brie, te tīhi kātihi, me te tīhi mozzarella tapatapahi.30% CO₂/ 70% N₂Ka whakau te hauota i te takai, ko te CO₂ ia ka whakaiti i te tipu o te moroiti.

Whakarāpopototanga:

•Ngā tīhi mārō →100% CO₂
•Tīhi ngawari me te tīhi tapatapahi →30% CO₂/ 70% N₂

Huawhenua, Huamata, me ngā Hua

Hua Hou Katoa

Ko ngā hua me ngā huawhenua katoa e hiahia ana ki tētahi taurite ngawari hei tautoko i te manawa me te kore e whakararu. Ko te ranunga MAP paerewa he5% O₂, 5% CO₂, me te 90% N₂Ka whakaroa te manawa me te parauri o tēnei taiao iti-hāora. He whānuitia te whakamahinga o tēnei ranunga mō ngā huamata, ngā rau matomato, ngā hua rākau, me ngā hua kua tapahia.

Huawhenua kua tunua, kua tapahia rānei

He rite tonu te whanonga o ngā huawhenua kua oti te taka ki ngā kai kua oti te taka. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia30% CO₂/ 70% N₂kāore he hāora. He pai te mahi a tēnei huarahi mō ngā kai pēnei i ngā huamata rīwai, ngā rihi huawhenua whakaranu rānei.

Te kōrero matua:

He iti noa te hāora e hiahiatia ana e ngā hua hou (~5%), ko ngā huawhenua kua tunua ia e hiahia ana ki te CO₂ nui ake (~30%).

Ngā Kai Maroke

Ko ngā kai maroke pērā i te kawhe, te nati, te kai mātotoru, te tī, ngā mea kakara, me te paraoa ka hiritia ki te100% N₂Ka ārai te hauota i te waikura, ā, ka roa ake te ora o te rokiroki.

Te Kōwhiri i ngā Taputapu MAP (DJPACK)

He mea nui te whakaranu hau tika mō te MAP whai hua. He maha ngā momo hiri MAP e hangaia ana e DJPACK (Wenzhou Dajiang) mō te horoi hau tika. Ko te papa tēpuDJT-400Gme te tūnga papaDJL-400Ve āhei ana ki te tuku i ngā ōwehenga O₂/CO₂/N₂ ōrite e ai ki ngā hiahia o ngā momo kai – mai i ngā mīti hou ki ngā kai kua oti te whakarite, ngā huamata rānei. He maha ā mātou tauira mō ō hiahia. Mena kei te hiahia koe ki ā mātou mīhini, pāwhiritia "Ngā Hua→Ngā Mīhini Tākai Āhuarangi Kua Whakarerekētia"pātene" hei ako atu.

Neke atu i te 30 tau o te wheako ki ngā mīhini tākai, e whakamahia whānuitia ana ngā taputapu DJPACK e ngā kaitukatuka i roto iŪropi, Ahitereiria, Asia, me ētahi atu mākete whakawhanakeAhakoa te ōwehenga hau e hiahiatia ana e te kiritaki, ka taea e ā mātou taputapu te whakatutuki i tēnā, ā, kei runga tonu te tika o te whakaranu hau i runga ake i te mea e hiahiatia ana.99%.OurKa piri tonu ngā mīhini MAP Whakakapinga Korehau ki te99.5%.

Te Haumaru, te Whakamātautau, me te Whakapūmau Kounga

He aratohu ngā ōwehenga MAP – ehara i te ture pumau. Ko te mahi tuturu e whakawhirinaki ana ki te hanganga hua, ngā rauemi takai, te pāmahana, me ngā tikanga rokiroki. Nā konei, me whakahaere e ia tukatuka ngā whakamātautau oranga-papa o te ao tūturu hei manatoko kei te tutuki i te ranunga MAP kua whiriwhiria ngā hua e hiahiatia ana.

He rite tonu te hiranga o ngā mahi whakapūmau kounga pēnei i te kimi turuturu me te tātari hau ā-waha. Ahakoa he turuturu iti noa iho ka taea te whakararu i te āhuarangi i roto i te kete. Me whakamahi tahi te MAP me ngā tikanga tika mō te pouaka whakamātao, te akuaku, me te whakahaere.

Whakakape:

Ko ngā ōwehenga hau kei roto i tēnei aratohu he tīmatanga kua tohua. Me whakamana tonu ngā ranunga mā te whakamātautau hua.

Whakamutunga

Mā te Tākai Āhua Whakarerekētia ka taea e ngā kaihanga kai te whakaroa i te pirau mā te whakarite i te taiao i roto i te tākai. Ka āwhina te hāora ki te pupuri i te tae, ka pehi te hauhā waro i te tipu o ngā moroiti, ā, ka whakau te hauota i te tākai. Mā te whakamahi i ngā mātāpono e whakaaturia ana i roto i te tūtohi ranunga hau, ka taea e ngā kaihanga te whiriwhiri i ngā ranunga tīmatanga e tika ana mō te mīti, te kaimoana, te tiihi, ngā huawhenua, ngā kai tunutunu, ngā kai kua oti te whakarite, me ētahi atu.

He tino whai hua te MAP ina honoa ki ngā mīhini tika me te mana whakahaere kounga pakari. Ina whakatinanahia tika, ka whakarite kia hou tonu ngā hua, kia haumaru ake, kia rite hoki mō te mākete – ka tautoko i ngā mekameka tuku roa ake me te whakaiti i te para.

E whakarāpopoto ana ngā taunakitanga o tēnei tuhinga i ngā mahi ahumahi me ngā aratohu pūtaiao. Me hangai tonu ngā tautuhinga MAP whakamutunga ki ngā whakamātautau hua me ngā whakaritenga rokiroki a ia kiritaki.